Brian White:Nature and development of diplomacy

Brian White defines diplomacy as “vehicle” used by international actors to sort conflicts, such as wars, it focus on the resolution of differences by conversation and negotiation, through diplomacy many conflicts have been avoided over the centuries. Diplomacy is also used to prevent conflicts, create stability and order.
Brian White commenced by defining the two major world perspectives on the world politics in diplomacy, the macro perspective that focus on the world politics as a whole and the micro perspective regarding the actors involved in the world politics, such as the state and the governments and how they act in order to achieve their ends.
The Traditional diplomacy and the new diplomacy are the two types of diplomacy introduced by Brian White. The first one started in Ancient Greece and evolved over a long historical period and had its origins in the fifteenth century in Italy, where the first embassies were established, the Italian model started been copied by many nations in Europe, and the embassies commenced to be a method of performing states interests.
The traditional diplomatic system can be characterized under the headlines of Structure, Process and Agenda, the first one emphasized the communication between noticeably modern states, through the years the head of states and governments members, found it very important to negotiate with other states regularly; the Process was organized mainly on a bilateral (two-party) basis, since two states developed a mutual importance relationship, it became normal to exchange permanent embassies, in order to defend and protect the country and its citizens interest in a foreigner country and vice-versa; finally in the traditional diplomacy Agenda the preoccupations of diplomacy echoed the preoccupations of political leaders themselves.
Concerning the New Diplomacy its structure remained identical with the traditional diplomacy, in the sense that states and governments are still the main actors, however there are two changes to be highlighted, the first one is that the states were no longer the only actors, they had to share the international stage with for example international organizations, intergovernmental and NGO’s, and the second one is that the government now has to provided not only physical security to its citizens but also had to be concerned in terms of social and economic well-being.
The new diplomacy processes are not only bilateral like in the traditional diplomacy but it also involves non-state actors, changing the nature of the new diplomacy as a process of negotiation.
Finally its Agenda enclosed a number of new issues, such as wider interests and responsibilities of governments, plus the interests of non-state actors, and ultimately reinforces the military security, where avoiding conflicts became a priority, especially after events such the 9/11.